The homework
The fact-check corpus
When a claim gets made in a debate, something has to be able to check it. This is that something: 170 entries, each one sourced, each one carrying a status, a confidence level and the date it was last verified.
It is published in full, including the parts that are weak. 70 of the 170 entries are marked CONTESTED — not because the work is unfinished, but because the honest answer to a contested question is that it is contested.
- 15
- Topic briefs
- 65
- Claims
- 47
- Facts
- 43
- BIPs
What is wrong with it
- Most of it was verified in one sitting. The bulk of these entries carry a verification date inside a single window in July 2026 and have not been re-checked since. An entry that was right then may not be right now; each one shows its own date so you can judge.
- 40 of the 65 claims rest on a single source — 34 of those on in-house research notes rather than a published document. Every one of them is capped at CONTESTED with low confidence, and says so in its own text. The cap is a rule, not an oversight.
- There are subjects it does not cover at all. Custodial-failure history, proof-of-reserves, CBDCs, quantum, proof-of-stake, and regulation beyond a single case. Absent, and recorded as absent rather than guessed at.
170 of 170 entries
- A soft fork can remove arbitrary data from bitcoinClaimnode policy4 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- State of the debate: what a financial bubble actually isTopic briefmarket cycles1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Arbitrary data undermines bitcoins monetary functionClaimdata embedding2 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- Banning fork advocacy created a consensus catch 22Claimcommunity1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- BIP 1 — BIP Purpose and Guidelines, Amir Taaki, 2011BIPbip process1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 2 — BIP process, revised, Luke DashjrBIPbip process1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 8 — Version bits with lock-in by heightBIPsoft fork activation1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 9 — Version bits with timeout and delayBIPsoft fork activation1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 16 — Pay to Script HashBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 21 — URI SchemeBIPpayments1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 32 — Hierarchical Deterministic WalletsBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 34 — Block v2, Height in CoinbaseBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 39 — Mnemonic code for generating deterministic keysBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 42 — A finite monetary supply for Bitcoin, Pieter WuilleBIPmonetary policy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 44 — Multi-Account Hierarchy for Deterministic WalletsBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 47 — Reusable Payment Codes for Hierarchical Deterministic WalletsBIPprivacy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 49 — Derivation scheme for P2WPKH-nested-in-P2SH based accountsBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 65 — OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFYBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 66 — Strict DER signaturesBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 68 — Relative lock-time using consensus-enforced sequence numbersBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 84 — Derivation scheme for P2WPKH based accountsBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 86 — Key Derivation for Single Key P2TR OutputsBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 112 — CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFYBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 113 — Median time-past as endpoint for lock-time calculationsBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 118 — SIGHASH_ANYPREVOUT for Taproot ScriptsBIPcovenants1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 119 — CHECKTEMPLATEVERIFYBIPcovenants1 sourcetime-sensitivehighVERIFIED
- BIP 125 — Opt-in Full Replace-by-Fee SignalingBIPmempool policy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 141 — Segregated Witness, Consensus layerBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 143 — Transaction Signature Verification for Version 0 Witness ProgramBIPconsensus1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 148 — Mandatory activation of segwit deploymentBIPsoft fork activation1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 173 — Base32 address format for native v0-16 witness outputsBIPaddresses1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 174 — Partially Signed Bitcoin Transaction FormatBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 300 — Hashrate Escrows, Consensus layerBIPsidechains1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 301 — Blind Merged Mining, Consensus layerBIPsidechains1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 321 — URI Scheme, Matt CoralloBIPpayments1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 322 — Generic Signed Message FormatBIPsignatures1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 327 — MuSig2 for BIP340-compatible Multi-SignaturesBIPsignatures1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 340 — Schnorr Signatures for secp256k1BIPsignatures1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 341 — Taproot: SegWit version 1 spending rulesBIPtaproot1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 342 — Validation of Taproot ScriptsBIPtaproot1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 345 — OP_VAULTBIPcovenants1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 347 — OP_CAT in TapscriptBIPcovenants1 sourcetime-sensitivehighVERIFIED
- BIP 350 — Bech32m format for v1+ witness addressesBIPaddresses1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 352 — Silent PaymentsBIPprivacy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 370 — PSBT Version 2BIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 380 — Output Script Descriptors General OperationBIPwallets1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- BIP 431 — Topology Restrictions for PinningBIPmempool policy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Bitcoin cash splitFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Bitcoin is currently deflationaryClaimmonetary policy3 sourceshighREFUTED
- State of the debate: Bitcoin mining and energy systemsTopic briefmining2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Bitcoin mining strengthens energy systemsClaimmining1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Bitcoin payments shift refund risk to the customerClaimpayments1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Bitcoin realizes hayeks denationalized moneyClaimmonetary history1 sourcelowNUANCED
- State of the debate: Bitcoin third places and community infrastructureTopic briefcommunity4 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Bitcoiner patronage favors bitcoin businessesClaimcommunity1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Bitcoins invention was historically inevitableClaimsatoshi history2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- State of the debate: Bitcoin's pre-history and inevitabilityTopic briefmonetary history2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Block interval targetFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Block size weightFactprotocol1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Block timestamp rulesFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Bubbles require marketability money and speculationClaimmarket cycles1 sourcemediumNUANCED
- Coinbase maturityFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Community not capital is the constraint on bitcoin venturesClaimcommunity1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Community owned governance outlasts founder led spacesClaimcommunity2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Compatibility asymmetry favors the tighter rulesetClaimnode policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- State of the debate: what a cause may ask of the people who hold itTopic briefcommunity2 sourceslowCONTESTED
- Csam is prevalent on the bitcoin blockchainClaimdata embedding2 sourcestime-sensitivemediumNUANCED
- Currency debasement drives civilizational collapseClaimmonetary history1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Current block subsidyFactmonetary policy2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Data restriction soft forks are true soft forksClaimnode policy2 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- State of the debate: deflation and technological abundanceTopic briefmonetary policy1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Difficulty adjustmentFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Digicash failed primarily from trusted party relianceClaimdigital cash history1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Easy money fuels speculative bubblesClaimmarket cycles1 sourcemediumNUANCED
- Economic connections matter more than accumulationClaimcommunity1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Embracing deflation would broadly share technology gainsClaimmonetary policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Energy claims framingFactmining2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Etf supply absorption benefits holdersClaimmarket cycles2 sourceslowCONTESTED
- Fee only security destabilizes mining incentivesClaimmining2 sourcesmediumNUANCED
- Fee paying transactions cannot be spamClaimdata embedding2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Fee subsidy transitionFactmonetary policy2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Fifty one percent attackFactmining2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Filter capability invites broader censorshipClaimnode policy1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- First transaction block 170Facthistory1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Forum timing evidence identified satoshiClaimsatoshi history3 sourcesmediumREFUTED
- Genesis blockFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Halving historyFactmonetary policy4 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Hard fork resistance underpins the supply capClaimnode policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- State of the debate: Hard money and time preferenceTopic briefmonetary philosophy2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Hard money lowers societal time preferenceClaimmonetary philosophy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Hardware wallet protectionsFactself custody2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Hd walletsFactself custody2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Implementation diversity differs from rule competitionClaimnode policy1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Inscription demand has collapsedClaimdata embedding1 sourcetime-sensitivelowCONTESTED
- Keys not coinsFactself custody1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Large miners lack natural block size disincentiveClaimmining2 sourcesmediumNUANCED
- Larger blocks price out user validationClaimnode policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- State of the debate: does the layered model deliver what the base layer gave up?Topic brieflayers2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Lightning mainnet launchFactlayers1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Lightning materially improves payment privacyClaimlayers1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Lightning network basicsFactlayers1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Lightning preserves trustless operationClaimlayers2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Lightning removes the practical capacity ceilingClaimlayers2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- State of the debate: Bitcoin's long-term security budgetTopic briefmining3 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Lost coins estimatesFactmonetary policy3 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- March 2013 forkFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Miner signaling is a vote on bitcoins rulesClaimnode policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Miners capabilities limitsFactmining2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Mining pool centralization is a live systemic riskClaimmining2 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- Minority unfiltered relay defeats filteringClaimnode policy2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Money did not emerge from barterClaimmonetary history1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Money originated from barterClaimmonetary history1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- State of the debate: did money emerge from barter or credit?Topic briefmonetary history3 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Multisig basicsFactself custody2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Multisig reduces total custody loss riskClaimself custody1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Next halvingFactmonetary policy2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Node operators face legal liability for embedded dataClaimdata embedding1 sourcetime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- State of the debate: node policy, consensus, and who decidesTopic briefnode policy2 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- Nodes enforce rulesFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Noncustodial privacy software is money transmissionClaimprivacy law3 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- Nostr not a blockchainFactlayers1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- One honest miner preserves censorship resistanceClaimmining1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- State of the debate: OP_RETURN and arbitrary data on BitcoinTopic briefdata embedding3 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- Op return filtering is technically trivialClaimnode policy1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Ordinals inscriptionsFactlayers2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Out of band fee payments centralize miningClaimmining2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Physical third places are load bearing for bitcoin adoptionClaimcommunity4 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Pizza transactionFacthistory1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Pool vs hasherFactmining2 sourcestime-sensitivehighVERIFIED
- Privacy is selective disclosure not secrecyClaimprivacy1 sourcemediumNUANCED
- State of the debate: Bitcoin privacy software and the lawTopic briefprivacy law3 sourcestime-sensitivemediumCONTESTED
- Probabilistic finalityFactprotocol1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Proof of work functionFactmining2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Recent growth is a debt fueled mirageClaimmonetary policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Relay filters cannot stop determined data embeddingClaimnode policy3 sourcesmediumNUANCED
- Reorg realityFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Repository control confers no power over bitcoinClaimnode policy1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Sat denominationFactmonetary policy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- State of the debate: Satoshi-identity epistemicsTopic briefsatoshi history2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Satoshi made correctable engineering errorsClaimsatoshi history3 sourcesmediumNUANCED
- Satoshis identity is effectively unknowableClaimsatoshi history1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Satoshis intent cannot settle protocol disputesClaimsatoshi history1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Seed phrase mechanicsFactself custody1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Segwit activationFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Segwit opposition was rooted in misunderstandingClaimnode policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Segwit2x cancellationFacthistory3 sourcesmediumVERIFIED
- State of the debate: is self-custody a solved problem or an unsolved one?Topic briefself custody2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Self custody is practical for nonexpertsClaimself custody1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Sidechains vs lightningFactlayers2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Small block position was vindicatedClaimnode policy3 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Soft fork signaling thresholdsFactnode policy4 sourcesmediumVERIFIED
- Soft fork vs hard forkFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Solar value deflation undermines solar economicsClaimenergy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Some bubbles are socially usefulClaimmarket cycles1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- Spot etf approvalFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Subsidy scheduleFactmonetary policy1 sourcehighVERIFIED
- Supply capFactmonetary policy2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Supply cap enforcementFactmonetary policy2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Tail emission produces stable money supplyClaimmonetary policy2 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Taproot activationFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Technology is an unstoppable deflationary forceClaimmonetary policy1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- The block size limit underpins the fee marketClaimmining1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- The bubble label carries no analytical weightClaimmarket cycles1 sourcemediumCONTESTED
- The most work chain defines bitcoinClaimnode policy1 sourcelowCONTESTED
- Total supply below 21mFactmonetary policy3 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Transaction fees alone will secure bitcoinClaimmonetary policy3 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Understated branding outperforms explicit bitcoin brandingClaimcommunity3 sourcesmediumCONTESTED
- Utxo modelFactprotocol2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Value overflow incidentFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED
- Whitepaper publicationFacthistory2 sourceshighVERIFIED